Periodontal disease affects the tissues that support the teeth. It is an infectious pathology caused by bacteria present in the mouth. There are two types of periodontal diseases: gingivitis and periodontitis.
What is periodontal disease?
Periodontal disease involves inflammatory conditions of the gums and other dental supporting tissues. This disease is caused by bacteria that form dental plaque, a biofilm attached to the teeth. If not properly removed, this plaque can harden into tartar, exacerbating inflammation and tissue damage.
Periodontal diseases: gingivitis and periodontitis
Gingivitis: the initial phase
Gingivitis is the earliest and least severe stage of periodontal disease. It is reversible and is characterized by inflammation of the gums. The most common symptom is bleeding during brushing. Without proper treatment, it can progress to periodontitis.
Periodontitis: a major risk
In periodontitis there is an inflammation of the gum and a deeper destruction that affects all the tissues that support the tooth. It is an irreversible process that could lead to tooth loss. Periodontitis can also affect general health by increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and premature birth.
Factors leading to periodontitis
The factors that favor the evolution of gingivitis to periodontitis are:
- Bacteria with greater pathogenic capacity.
- Genetic factors.
- Stress.
- Alcohol consumption.
- Overweight.
- Tobacco.
- Systemic diseases (diabetes, osteoporosis,…).
- Medications that cause gingival overgrowth.
- Poor oral hygiene habits.
- Badly positioned teeth.
- Poorly adjusted fillings.
Prevention and treatment of periodontal disease
The best way to prevent periodontal disease is to maintain proper oral hygiene, thus controlling the amount of dental plaque present. Periodic check-ups are necessary in order to make an early diagnosis of periodontal disease should it appear.
Gingivitis is treated by professional prophylaxis (cleaning of the mouth), and scaling and root planing in the case of periodontitis. Occasionally, periodontal surgery is necessary to clean the bacteria, plaque and tartar present in the roots of the teeth.
Periodontics at Ilzarbe Dental Clinic
At Ilzarbe Dental Clinic in Valencia, we have specialists in periodontics who use advanced techniques to treat periodontal disease. If you are experiencing symptoms of gingivitis or periodontitis, we invite you to request an appointment with us for a personalized evaluation and treatment.
Frequently asked questions about periodontal disease
How do I know if I have periodontal disease?
Common symptoms include red, swollen or bleeding gums, persistent bad breath and, in more advanced stages, tooth mobility. If you notice any of these symptoms, it is important to consult a specialist.
Is periodontal disease contagious?
The disease itself is not contagious, but the bacteria that cause it can be transferred through saliva. It is crucial to maintain good oral hygiene to prevent its spread.
What is the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis?
Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums without affecting the underlying bone, while periodontitis also involves the loss of bone and connective tissue and can lead to tooth loss if left untreated.
Can children develop periodontal disease?
Although less common in children, they can develop forms of gingivitis, especially if they have poor oral hygiene. It is important to establish good hygiene habits from an early age.
How can I make an appointment at Clínica Dental Ilzarbe?
You can visit our website for more information or call us directly to schedule an appointment in Valencia. Our team is ready to help you keep your oral health in optimal conditions.
Ilzarbe Dental Clinic
Author: Dr. Pablo Ortega – Oral Surgery and Dental Implantology – Col.
